Una transformación urbana en la costa del Desierto de Atacama desde 1929: derivaciones de las visitas del presidente Carlos Ibáñez y los urbanistas Karl Brunner y Luis Muñoz Maluschka a Tocopilla, Chile

Damir Galaz-Mandakovic Fernández

doi:10.5354/0717-5051.2020.57001

Abstract

From a historical and anthropological methodology, the impact of President Carlos Ibáñez visit to Tocopilla in 1929 is described, contextualized and analyzed, followed by the visit of urban planners Karl Brunner and Luis Muñoz Maluschka. It is proposed that these visits were part of the inauguration of the modernization of the State and the restructuring of the public administration in an authoritarian context, a scenario that provided professionals with a prominent space for participation that led to projects of expansion and reorganizing projection of the cities through scientific rationality, as happened in Tocopilla, where, as a result of Ibáñez's visit, in addition to the development of the Guggenheim system, which meant an important contribution to the fiscal coffers, it was possible to manage the financing that he was looking for to project and restructure a city that experienced the urban and material asymmetries derived from mining capitalism. The projections of Brunner and Muñoz in Tocopilla were an innovative and unprecedented process, inaugurating a scientific planning that combined state policy, local policy, administrative restructuring (creation of the Municipal Directorate of Works) and the participation of prominent professionals who marked an organizational mark of the territory that impacts to the present.

An urban transformation on the coast of the Atacama Desert since 1929

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